Vertigo or BPPV
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is a common vestibular disorder characterized by brief episodes of intense dizziness or vertigo that are triggered by certain head movements. It occurs when calcium carbonate crystals, known as otoconia or "ear rocks," become dislodged from their usual position in the inner ear and migrate into the semicircular canals. This disrupts the normal flow of fluid in the canals, leading to a false sense of movement and resulting in vertigo.
Physiotherapists are trained to assess and treat BPPV using specific techniques, including the following:
Evaluation and Diagnosis: Physiotherapists will conduct a thorough assessment, which may include a review of medical history, a discussion of symptoms, and a physical examination. They may perform specific tests, such as the Dix-Hallpike maneuver or the Roll test, to provoke and reproduce symptoms and confirm the diagnosis of BPPV.
Canalith Repositioning Maneuvers: Physiotherapists employ a variety of canalith repositioning maneuvers to treat BPPV effectively. The most common maneuver is the Epley maneuver, which involves a series of head and body movements to guide the displaced otoconia out of the affected semicircular canal and into an area where they no longer cause symptoms. Other maneuvers, such as the Semont maneuver or the Brandt-Daroff exercises, may be used depending on the location of the affected canal.
Education and Home Exercises: Physiotherapists play a crucial role in educating individuals about BPPV and providing instructions for home exercises. They will explain the condition, its causes, and the expected outcomes of treatment. They may also demonstrate and guide individuals through self-treatment maneuvers or exercises to be performed at home to enhance the effectiveness of the in-clinic maneuvers and promote a faster recovery.
Vestibular Rehabilitation: In addition to canalith repositioning maneuvers, physiotherapists may incorporate vestibular rehabilitation exercises into the treatment plan for BPPV. These exercises aim to promote central compensation, enhance balance, and reduce dizziness symptoms. They typically involve eye-head coordination exercises, gaze stabilization exercises, and balance training.
Follow-Up and Monitoring: Physiotherapists will typically schedule follow-up appointments to assess progress, provide ongoing guidance, and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. This allows them to monitor the resolution of symptoms, address any concerns, and ensure that individuals are effectively managing their BPPV.
It's important to note that while physiotherapists can diagnose and treat BPPV, they may also refer individuals to an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist or an audiologist for further evaluation or if the condition does not improve with physiotherapy intervention alone. Collaborating with other healthcare professionals ensures comprehensive care and appropriate management of BPPV.
If you want relief from your vertigo, BPPV or headaches, book here or give us a call on 0402 832 329.
